Condoms
The only method that protects against both pregnancy and STDs
Condoms are the only form of birth control that significantly reduces the risk of STDs — including HIV, chlamydia, gonorrhea, and more. They're available without a prescription, often for free, and work best when used correctly every single time.
Effectiveness
85–98%
How often
Every time you have sex
STD protection
Yes — the only method that does
Prescription needed
No
Hormones
None
Availability
Pharmacies, clinics, often free
How they work
Condoms are a physical barrier that prevent sperm from reaching an egg. They also block the exchange of bodily fluids, which is how most STDs are transmitted. There are two main types: external condoms (worn on a penis) and internal condoms (inserted into the vagina or anus). Both are effective when used correctly.
External condom
Worn on a penis before any genital contact. Made from latex, polyurethane, or polyisoprene. Most common type — available everywhere.
Internal condom
Inserted into the vagina or anus before sex. Made from nitrile. Can be inserted up to 8 hours in advance. A good option if your partner won't use an external condom.
How to use them correctly
- 1Check the expiration date — expired condoms are more likely to break.
- 2Open the wrapper carefully — no teeth, scissors, or sharp nails.
- 3Put it on before any genital contact, not just before ejaculation.
- 4Pinch the tip to leave space, then roll it all the way down.
- 5Use a new condom for every act of sex, including oral and anal.
- 6Use water-based or silicone-based lube — oil-based products degrade latex.
What if a condom breaks or slips?
If a condom breaks or comes off during sex, consider emergency contraception (EC) as soon as possible — it's most effective within 72 hours. You may also want to get tested for STDs. Plan B is available over the counter at most pharmacies without a prescription or ID.
Pros & cons
Pros
- The only contraceptive that significantly reduces STD transmission
- No hormones — no systemic side effects
- Available without a prescription at pharmacies, clinics, and many schools
- Often free at Planned Parenthood, health departments, and school health centers
- Can be used alongside other methods for maximum protection
- No waiting period — works immediately, every time
Cons
- Must be used correctly every single time — easy to use wrong
- Can break or slip if used incorrectly or with oil-based lube
- Some people find they reduce sensation
- Latex allergies exist — non-latex options are available but less common
- Less effective than long-acting methods (IUD, implant) when used as the only method
How to get condoms — including for free
Condoms don't require a prescription, a parent's permission, or even an ID. You can buy them at any pharmacy, grocery store, or convenience store. If cost or privacy is a concern, there are plenty of free options.
- Planned Parenthood gives out free condoms — no appointment needed at most locations.
- Local health departments and Title X clinics often have free condoms available at the front desk.
- Many school health centers stock condoms — ask your school nurse or counselor.
- If you're buying them at a store and want privacy, self-checkout is always an option.
Common questions
Want to know more about STD prevention?
Condoms are the best tool for STD prevention. Our STDs & Sexual Health guide covers testing, treatment, and everything in between.
Read the STDs guide